Key Changes to Class 10 Curriculum – 2028
The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has announced changes to the Class 9 Scheme of Studies, impacting the Class 10 curriculum for the 2027-28 academic year. These changes do not affect the current Class 10 batch.
Subjects Studied
Students in Class 9 for the 2026-27 academic year will study nine subjects: three languages (R1, R2 and R3), Mathematics, Science, Social Science, Art Education, Physical Education and Well-being, and Vocational Education. They can also choose one optional subject from a list of 57, ensuring it’s different from their chosen languages.
Vocational Education – Compulsory Options
Students must select either Kaushal Vikas or one of 22 skill subjects. Kaushal Vikas involves school-based internal assessment with no board examination; successful students receive a school certificate. Selecting a skill subject requires a Class 10 board examination, and successful candidates receive an NSQF certificate.
Available skill subjects include Information Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Data Science, Retail, Healthcare, Banking and Insurance, Tourism, Agriculture, Design Thinking and Innovation, and Automotive.
Board Examinations and Assessments
The five compulsory board-exam subjects are R1, R2, Mathematics, Science and Social Science. Art Education and Physical Education will be assessed through grades, with a grade of D or above awarding a certificate. R3 subjects will be assessed internally.
Students opting for an additional subject may also need to take its board examination, depending on the subject.
Passing Requirements
Students must achieve at least 33% in each of the five compulsory board-exam subjects, combining internal assessment and board-exam marks. A student can replace a failed subject with a passed skill subject, except for those choosing Kaushal Vikas. An optional language can replace R1 or R2 if the student passes that language but fails the optional one, subject to CBSE conditions.
Special Needs Considerations
Children with Special Needs (CwSN) must study one compulsory language with a board examination. They can choose from a permitted list of subjects, including Mathematics, Science, Social Science, another language, specified music subjects, Painting, Home Science, business-related subjects and up to two skill subjects (excluding Automotive). Information Technology, Computer Applications and Artificial Intelligence cannot be taken together.
Next Steps
Students and parents are advised to consult the full CBSE circular with their schools to finalize subject choices. The official CBSE circular can be found here: [https://www.cbse.gov.in/](https://www.cbse.gov.in/)
Source: India Today. Featured image credit: India Today.
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